John Oxley – Moreton Bay – 1824

In 1824, John Oxley undertook a second exploration of the Brisbane River, following his initial discovery and survey of the area the previous year. This expedition was more extensive and aimed to confirm the suitability of the river’s surroundings for establishing a permanent settlement. Accompanied by Lieutenant Henry Miller, who was to lead the new penal colony, and other officials, Oxley set out to gather more detailed information on the land, water sources, and overall potential of the site. This journey was pivotal in finalising the decision to establish what would become the city of Brisbane.

Oxley’s second exploration was marked by thorough assessments of the river’s navigability and the fertility of the adjacent land. He meticulously documented the various tributaries and surrounding terrain, noting the rich soil and abundance of natural resources. Oxley’s positive reports reinforced his earlier recommendations, highlighting the strategic advantages of the location for a penal colony. His exploration extended further upstream than before, providing a comprehensive understanding of the area’s potential for agriculture, transportation, and settlement.

The findings from Oxley’s 1824 expedition directly influenced the establishment of the Moreton Bay Penal Settlement later that year. On September 12, 1824, the first group of convicts and soldiers, led by Lieutenant Miller, arrived and began constructing the initial buildings. Oxley’s role in this crucial phase of Queensland’s history was foundational, as his explorations and detailed reports provided the necessary assurance and information for successful settlement. This expedition solidified Oxley’s legacy as a key figure in the development of early Brisbane and the broader Queensland region.

Referencing

Oxley, John, 1783-1828 (1824). John Oxley journal re exploration of Moreton Bay, 1824.

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